In Amuria district, Eastern Uganda, subsistence farmers have faced the harsh impact of climate change, which disrupts their reliance on predictable rainy and dry seasons. Historically, the region was covered in dense vegetation, and the local economy depended on animals for income. However, cattle rustling and other factors led to deforestation, forcing people to turn to charcoal production for sustenance.
This destruction of natural resources exacerbated climate change, resulting in unproductive soils, dry swamps, and scarce rainfall, making farming increasingly difficult. To address these challenges, farmers like Justine Edonu from Odania village in Morungatuny Sub-county turned to a technique called farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR).
FMNR, introduced by organizations such as World Vision and Farm Radio International, is a low-cost, sustainable approach that involves the systematic regeneration of trees and shrubs from tree stumps, roots, and seeds. This technique helps restore degraded soils and grazing lands, reversing biodiversity loss and reducing vulnerability to climate change.
Justine Edonu’s success story illustrates the positive impact of FMNR. He began leaving indigenous trees to sprout on his land, allowing them to grow and using the branches for firewood. This resulted in improved soil quality, better crop yields, and a more inviting environment around his home. The technique has inspired others to follow suit.
One of those inspired is William Ecadu, a retiree who bought land for farming and adopted FMNR after witnessing Edonu’s success. Ecadu planted fruit and timber trees to enhance his environment and secure a source of income for the future. While some criticize him for turning his land into a “bush,” he understands that trees improve the soil and are essential for fighting climate change.
The local government in Morungatuny Sub County has recognized the benefits of nature-based solutions to combat climate change. They have implemented policies to encourage farmers to save their land by adopting FMNR techniques. Training sessions have reached over 500 farmers, and it is estimated that more than 10,000 farmers are now practicing FMNR. The positive changes are visible in the landscape, with increased vegetation cover and cooler breezes. Farmers report better soil quality and improved agricultural yields as they allow trees to grow.